why的用法小结

　　原则3：根据数据、事实问问题，而非猜测和假设

　　做到三现，在现场通过现物掌握现实

　　原则4：不要认为答案是显而易见的

　　只有鍥而不舍，追根究底，才能找到真正的答案。

Why与Why not的用法

　　记得某年我教仁爱版英语九年级上册某单元某一Section时(因疫情在家，没找到相关课本，具体哪个Section遗忘)，我发现了一个Why在使用中的用法错误，于是给课本编辑打电话说明。第二天编辑打回电话，认为我的观点正确，并于再版时做了改正。然而，今年我教仁爱版英语八年级上册Unit 3，Topic 3中的Section B时，又发现了同样的问题。由此可见，Why与Why not的用法受汉语的影响是多么严重!现引述课本句子如下：

　　...

　　Jane: I saw it last week. It’s wonderful!

　　Michael: I don’t agree.

　　Jane: Why? Isn’t it interesting?

　　...

　　(仁爱版八年级上册第三单元 Topic 3 中Section B P73)

　　1. Why, as a question word, is used to ask about reasons and explanations:

　　Why did he leave home when he was 16?

　　Why didn’t you tell Tom about it?

　　--They've decided to move to Devon. 他们已经决定搬到德文了。

　　--Why? 为什么?

　　Note:

　　a. When we ask for reasons in speaking, we can use the phrase why is that? In informal conversations we often say why’s that?:

　　--She’s not going to college this year.

　　--Why’s that?

　　--She says she wants to travel for a while.

　　b. In informal contexts we sometimes use what for? with the same meaning of asking for a reason:

　　--Ann’s going to be really upset with me.

　　--What for?

　　--I forgot to call her back last night.

　　c. When we reply to a negative statement, we usually say why not?:

　　--I don’t like it here. 这里我不喜欢它。

　　--Why not? 为什么?

　　--He isn’t going to see her off at the station. 他不准备去车站送她。

　　--Why not? 为什么?

　　2. Why is used in indirect questions:

　　He asked me why I wanted to leave the job.

　　I wonder why he told nobody he was getting married.

　　3. Why is used on its own as a response:

　　--I’m going home now.

　　--Why?

　　4. Why ever or Why on earth is used to add emphasis and to show shock or surprise:

　　--Beth has decided to go on holiday by herself this year.

　　--Why ever would anyone want to go on holiday alone?

　　Why on earth has Julie bought me this expensive present?

　　5. That’s why …is used to give a reason:

　　--Frank and Ellen have three children now.

　　--That’s why they moved house. They needed more space.

　　--Ian’s not been feeling well recently, has he?

　　--No. That’s why he’s taken some time off.

　　6. Why should … is used when we are annoyed about something:

　　Why should old people have to worry about health insurance?

　　Note:Why should I? as a response is very direct and rude.

　　A is a mother and B is a child who is opening and closing the car window

　　A: Stop doing that.

　　B: Why should I?

　　7. “Why not ...?” is used to make a suggestion:

　　If you’re so unhappy, why not leave?

　　8. “Why not ...?” is used to express agreement:

　　--May I go with you? 我可以和你一起去吗?

　　--Why not? 可以呀。

　　--Let's go out for an Italian tonight.

　　--Yes, why not?

　　9. used to insist on his own opinions or ideas:

　　--Are you really going to sue them? 你真的要控告他们吗?

　　--Yes, why not? 是的，为什么不呢?

　　Note：We must use the infinitive without “to” in the questions beginning with “why not” or “why”. But Why not is used to make a suggestion and why is used to indicate that an action is unnecessary and meaningless.

　　--My girl-friend is in a bad mood. 我女朋友心情不好。

　　--Why not (Why don’t you) give her some flowers? 为什么不送给她一些花呢?

　　Why argue with him? He will never change his mind. 为什么跟他争论?他永远不会改变看法的。

　　根据上述why以及why not的用法，我们有理由可判断本文开头中所提仁爱版八上第三单第三话题中的Section B P73中的Why，应该是Why not。

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