by的各种用法详解
作者：opple 时间：2022-12-05 阅读：()
They met by chance.
他们不期而遇。
I did it by mistake.
我误做了这事。
The coroner's verdict was ‘death by misadventure ’.
验尸官判定是“意外致死”。
5. not later than the time mentioned; before 不迟于;在…之前
Can you finish the work by five o'clock?
你五点钟前能完成工作吗?
I'll have it done by tomorrow.
我将于明天之前让人做完这件事。
By this time next week we'll be in New York.
下星期的这个时候我们将在纽约。
He ought to have arrived by now/by this time .
他现在应该已经到了。
By the time (that) this letter reaches you I will have left the country.
你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。
6. past sb/sth 经过
He walked by me without speaking.
他一言不发地从我身边走过。
7. during sth; in a particular situation 在…期间;处于某种状况
to travel by day/night
白天 / 夜间旅行
We had to work by candlelight.
我们不得不借助烛光工作。
8. used to show the degree or amount of sth (表示程度、数量)
The bullet missed him by two inches.
子弹只差两英寸就击中他了。
House prices went up by 10%.
房价上涨了10%。
It would be better by far (= much better) to…
那比…好得多。
9. from what sth shows or says; according to sth 从…看;依;按照
By my watch it is two o'clock.
我的表是两点钟。
I could tell by the look on her face that something terrible had happened.
从她的脸色我可以看出，发生了可怕的事情。
By law, you are a child until you are 18.
按照法律规定，18岁之前是未成年人。
10. used to show the part of sb/sth that sb touches, holds, etc. (表示触及或抓住的人或物的部分)
I took him by the hand.
我拉着他的手。
She seized her by the hair.
她揪住她的头发。
Pick it up by the handle!
抓着手柄把它提起来!
11. used with the to show the period or quantity used for buying, selling or measuring sth (与the连用，表示时间或量度单位)
We rented the car by the day.
我们按日租用汽车。
They're paid by the hour.
他们的报酬是按小时计算的。
We only sell it by the metre.
我们只按米出售。
12. used to state the rate at which sth happens (表示速率)
They're improving day by day.
他们在一天天地改进。
We'll do it bit by bit.
我们会一点一点地做。
It was getting worse by the minute (= very fast) .
情况急速恶化。
The children came in two by two (= in groups of two) .
孩子们一对一对地走了进来。
13. used for giving more information about where sb comes from, what sb does, etc. (补充有关出生地、职业等的信息)
He's German by birth.
他是德国血统的。
They're both doctors by profession.
他们两人的职业都是医生。
14. used when swearing to mean ‘in the name of ’ (起誓时用)以…的名义
I swear by Almighty God…
我以全能上帝之名发誓…
15. used to show the measurements of sth (表示尺寸时用)
The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet.
房间15英尺宽20英尺长。
16. used when multiplying or dividing (用于乘除运算)
6 multiplied by 2 equals 12.
6乘以2等于12。
6 divided by 2 equals 3.
6除以2等于3。
习语
by the by/bye
= by the way at way n
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