by的各种用法详解
作者：opple 时间：2022-12-05 阅读：()
一天比一天虚弱。
第七种：抓着(物体或者身体)
By the arm
抓着(搀扶)着胳膊。
第八种：By oneself 单独 独自一个
He spent christmas all by himself
他自己度过的圣诞节。
第九种：乘以 除以
What is 36 divided by 4?
36除以4是多少?
第十种：(用于短语中)由于 出于
I met him by chance out walking yesterday.
我昨天外出散步偶然遇到了他。
英语语法专项之介词 by的14种用法
1. by+交通工具。
表示凭借、乘坐某种交通工具，在句中作方式状语。如：by car, by plane, by bike 等。
eg. She went to Beijing by air.
2. by +doing sth.
意为"通过做某事”，表示方式、方法、手段等，在句中做方式状语。
【经典考题】
You can improve your English ___B___practicing more.
A. by B. with C. of D. in
注意：对by引导的介词短语作方式状语， 提问时用how。
—— How do you study for a test?
—— By listeningto tapes.
3. (表示位置)在……近旁;在身边;靠近。
eg. On a cold evening，It is pleasant to sit bythe fire.
4. (表示时间)不迟于，在什么之前。
eg. Be here by four o'clock. (4:00之前到这儿。)
【经典考题】
How many English songs had you learned___A___ the end of last term?
A. by B. with C. at D. in
解析：by the end of last term, 译为”到上个学期末“。
5. 表示方向，从……中经过。
eg. They came in bythe back door. ( 他们是从后门进来的。)
6. 做介词， 译为“经过”。
eg. He walked by me without speaking. (他走过我的身边，没有说话。)
7. 用在反身代词之前，译为“独自”。
eg. Sarah couldn't move the heavy box by herself.。
8. 表示动作的执行者，用于被动语态，译为：”被，由“。
eg. The glasses are usedby us.
9. 表示“根据“，“按照”的意思。
eg. What time is it by your watch? (你的表几点了?)
10. 和take，hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。
eg.I took him by the hand。(我拉住了他的手。)
11.(乘或除)以。
4 divided by 2 is 2. (4除以2等于2)。
12. 表示幅度。
Violent crime has increased by10 percent since last year.( 暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。)
13、以…计;按…计。Billing isby the minute. (以分钟计账。)
14. 用于一些固定短语中， 如：
by the way 顺便问;one by one 一个接一个的;step by step 一步步地;day by day 一天接一天地;by accident 偶然地…
By的用法很多，但其实很多意思可以整合起来记忆，希望通过整理，对大家学习“by"的知识有些帮助。
说说“by”的用法
by |baɪ|
prep. adv.
1. near sb/sth; at the side of sb/sth; beside sb/sth 靠近;在…旁边
a house by the river
河边的一所房子
The telephone is by the window.
电话在窗户旁边。
Come and sit by me.
过来挨着我坐。
2. used, usually after a passive verb, to show who or what does, creates or causes sth (常置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者)
He was knocked down by a bus.
他被公共汽车撞倒了。
a play by Ibsen
易卜生写的剧本
Who's that book by?
谁是那本书的作者?
I was frightened by the noise.
我被那响声吓坏了。
3. used for showing how or in what way sth is done (表示方式)
The house is heated by gas.
这房子是煤气供暖的。
May I pay by cheque?
我能用支票付款吗?
I will contact you by letter.
我会给你写信联系的。
to travel by boat/bus/car/plane
乘船 / 公共汽车 / 轿车 / 飞机
to travel by air/land/sea
坐飞机;经陆路 / 海路
Switch it on by pressing this button.
按下这个开关启动它。
4. used before particular nouns without the , to say that sth happens as a result of sth (置于不带the的名词前，表示原因)由于
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