作者:opple 时间:2023-04-17 阅读:()
This glass is cracked. Someone could have dropped it.下面就为大家带来了英语语法探究,我们一起来看看吧!
this kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
this flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
5)变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
例如:
he became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
she grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
6)终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, trun out, 表达“证实”,“变成”之意,例如:
the rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。
the search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。
his plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
5.2 什么是助动词
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(auxiliary verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(main verb)。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:
he doesn't like english. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态,例如:
he is singing. 他在唱歌。
he has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态,例如:
he was sent to england. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句,例如:
do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
did you study english before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
i don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气,例如:
do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
he did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
5.3 助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:
they are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
english is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。
2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:
the window was broken by tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。
english is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。
3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:
a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:
he is to go to new york next week.. 他下周要去纽约。
we are to teach the freshpersons. 我们要教新生。
说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。
b. 表示命令,例如:
you are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。
he is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。
c. 征求意见,例如:
how am i to answer him? 我该怎样答复他?
who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢?
d. 表示相约、商定,例如:
we are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。
5.4 助动词have的用法
1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态,例如:
he has left for london. 他已去了伦敦。
by the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.
上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。
2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时,例如:
i have been studying english for ten years.
我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。
3)have+been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态,例如:
english has been taught in china for many years.
中国教英语已经多年。
5.5 助动词do 的用法
1) 构成一般疑问句,例如:
do you want to pass the cet? 你想通过大学英语测试吗?
did you study german? 你们学过德语吗?
2) do + not 构成否定句,例如:
i do not want to be criticized. 我不想挨批评。
he doesn't like to study. 他不想学习。
in the past, many students did not know the importance of english. 过去,好多学生不知道英语的重要性。
3) 构成否定祈使句,例如:
don't go there. 不要去那里。
don't be so absent-minded. 不要这么心不在焉。
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