作者:opple 时间:2022-12-04 阅读:()
a stony path 一条铺满碎石的路
(4) education experts 教育专家(从事教育工作的专家)
educational films 教育影片(具有教育意义的影片)
(5) gold reserve 黄金储备
golden sunshine 金的阳光
(6) silver coins 银币
silvery hair 银白的头发
(7) heart trouble 心脏病
a hearty welcome 热情的欢迎
(8) snow mountain 雪山
snowy table-cloth 雪白的桌布
(9) rain drops 雨滴
rainy season 雨季(指多雨的季节)
(10) rose garden 玫瑰园
rosy checks 红红的面颊
(11) colour film 彩色电影
colourful costumes 色彩鲜艳的服装
(12) mountain village 山村(山里的村庄)
mountainous region山区(多山地区)
3. 有时在汉语看来,似乎要用形容词作定语,但英语习惯上却要用名词作定语。如:
science fiction 科幻小说 (不说 scientific fiction)
because of health reasons 因为健康原因(不说because of healthy reasons)
health situation 健康状况(不说healthy situation)
health insurance 健康保险(不说healthy insurance)
convenience food 方便食品(不说convenient food)
convenience store 方便小商店(不说convenient store)
popular science books科学普及读物(科普读物)
四、关于合成名词作定语
许多合成名词可直接用于名词前作定语,起形容词的作用。如:
a long-distance call长途电话 first-class tickets头等舱机票
a deep-sea diver深海潜水员 a full-page advertisement整版广告
one-way traffic单向交通的安排 present-day life现今的生活
a part-time job部分时间的工作 day-to-day teaching日常教学
one-parent families单亲家庭 a family-dinner party家庭宴会
五、名词作定语的描写性与限制性
名词作定语与形容词作定语一样,有时也有描写性与限制性之分,试比较:
a baby girl一个女婴(baby是描写性定语,不重读)
well water井水(well是限制性定语,须重读)
as long as 与only if 辨析
一、基本用法的差别
1. as long as 有两个意思,一是用于本义,意为“与……一样长(久)”,在否定句中,也可说成 (not) so long as;二是用于引申义,表示“只要”,用于此义时也可说成 so long as(不管是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句)。如:
This river is as long as that one. 这条河与那条河一条长。
He lived abroad as long as five years. 他住在国外长达五年之久。
He didn't stay there as [so] long as she. 他在那儿住得不如她久。
As long as it doesn't rain we can go. 只要不下雨,我们就可以去。
As [So] long as you need me, I'll stay. 只要你需要我,我就留下。
2. only if 可视为 if 的加强说法,即其中的 only 是修饰 if 从句的,其意为“只有在……条件下”。如:
I'll tell you, but only if you don't tell anyone else. 我可以告诉你,但条件是你不能告诉其他任何人。
I'll accept the bill only if you send it to my home address. 你必须把账单送到我住的地方,我才愿意偿付。
二、语气上的差别
从语气上看,only if 的语气要比as long as 强,as long as 通常只是用于提出一个条件,与if 的意思比较接近;而only if 引出的从句内容则通常暗示它是主句内容的唯一条件,含有“只有……才……”“只有在……的时候”“……唯一的条件是……”之意。比较:
As long as you do your best, we'll be happy. 只要你尽力,我们就满意了
We can succeed only if everyone in the team pulls his weight. 我们全队只有人人各尽所能才能取得成功。
The coach stops at the principal hotels to pick up tourists, but only if they arrange this in advance. 大客车到各主要的旅馆来接观光者,但条件是必须事先安排好。
三、动词搭配上的差别
在许多情况下,as long as 与 only if 均可用,只是语气有强弱之分。但是,当主句和从句的谓语动词均为短暂性动词时,通常只用 only if,而不用 as long as。如:
你只有请他,他才会来。
误:He will come as long as you ask him.
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