动名词的用法详解
作者：opple 时间：2022-12-04 阅读：()
eg：I strongly object to your delivering the speech.我强烈反对你发表讲话。(作介词宾语)
三、动名词的用法
1
动名词作主语
eg：Retelling stories is very useful.复述故事是很有用的。
注： 在一些句子中，常用 it 作形式主语，将动名词放在句子后面。
此类句型有：
(1)It is + no use/no good/no fun/a great pleasure/a waste of time等名词+doing sth.
eg：It is no good crying.哭是没有用的。
eg：It is great fun traveling.旅行很有趣。
eg：It is a waste of time playing computer games.玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
(2)It is + useless+doing sth.
eg：It is useless crying.哭是没用的。
2
动名词作表语
eg：My idea is making a plan first.我的想法是先制定一个计划。
3
动名词作宾语
动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语。
eg：I haven t finished reading today s newspaper.我还没读完今天的报纸。(动名词reading作动词finish的宾语)
eg：I m afraid of going to the dentist.我害怕去看牙医。(动名词going作介词of的宾语)
4
动名词作定语
eg：I would like to choose a house with a swimming pool.我想选一个有游泳池的房子。
四、动名词与不定式的比较
动名词可以作介词的宾语，还可被名词所有格(或物主代词)修饰;
不定式通常不作介词宾语，更不能被名词所有格(或物主代词)修饰。
例如： 她害怕去看牙医。
She is afraid of going to the dentist.(√)
She is afraid of to go to the dentist.(×)
固定用法
1
某些动词后只能加动名词
常见的此类动词有：admit，avoid，consider，delay，deny，enjoy，escape，finish，include，keep，miss，stop，suggest，give up 等
eg：我喜欢跳舞。
I enjoy dancing.(√)
l enjoy to dance.(×)
2
某些动词后只能加不定式
常见的此类动词有：agree，ask，claim，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect，fail，hope，manage，offer，promise，quit，refuse，resolve，wish 等
eg：我决定戒烟。
l decide to quit smoking.(√)
l decide quitting smoking.(X)
3
某些动词后面既可加动名词也可加不定式
常见的此类动词有：attempt，begin，continue，deserve，fear，forget，help，intend，learn，like，love，mean，need，prefer，regret，remember，start，try等
eg：She cannot help crying.她不禁哭了起来。
名词可数与不可数的“相对论”
所谓可数与不可数的“相对论”，即是指一个名词是可数还是不可数关键在于它所表达的意义，而意义又随语境的不同而改变，因而名词的可数性是与它所使用的上下文语境密切相关的。同样一个名词，会因为在不同的语境中含义不同而导致它的可数性不同，因而不能孤立地来看待名词的可数性。这是有关名词可数性的重要理念。简言之，名词的可数性重在意义而不是形式，与使用的语境有关，意义和语境的不同会导致名词的可数性不同，这就是名词可数性的“相对论”。为了让读者能够深刻地理解这个名词可数性的理念，笔者这里给大家看下面这篇短文。短文是有关食物营养方面的，请读者关注其中food的单复数及其含义的变化：
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Eating for Energy
Do you know anything about this food pyramid? What does it show?
Many professional sports teams have recently added a new member to their organization—a nutritionist. That's because athletes have become aware that food affects performance. You don't have to be an athlete to notice this effect. If you've ever skipped breakfast and then tried to clean the house, you know that you need food for energy. Here are some tips about eating to increase your physical performance:
Eat enough food. Your body needs a certain number of calories each day. If you're too thin, you'll often feel tired and you'll be more likely to get sick.
Read the labels on food products. This information will tell you how nutritious the foods are.
Avoid eating foods that are high in simple carbohydrates, that is, sugars. A chocolate bar will first give you energy, but then it will leave you feeling even more tired.
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