Against的详细用法总结

Against的用法

　　Against:

　　这个词是个介词

　　1. “逆着，对着，顶着”

　　They were rowing against the current.

　　他们逆水划船。

　　The ship won’t strike against a rock.

　　这首船不会触礁。

　　Heat is produced when work is done against friction.

　　克服摩擦作攻时，产生热。

　　2. “反对，违反”

　　This explanation is against the natural laws.

　　这个解释是违反自然规律的。

　　There is a regulation against smoking in the office.

　　办公室禁烟。

　　Americans were against the proposal.

　　美国人反对这项建议。

　　3. “靠着，相对”

　　The photo hangs against the wall.

　　这张照片挂在墙上。

　　Against the post office there stands a hospital.

　　邮局对面是一家医院。

　　The shop is against the school.

　　商店在学校对面。

　　4. “对照”

　　3 against 2

　　3比2

　　The trees were black against the morning sky.

　　在早晨的天空的映照下，那些树是黑的。

　　The school has 100 students this year，as against the 80 last year.

　　这所学校今年有100个学生，而去年只有80个学生。

　　5.“以防，以备”

　　We store up vegetables against the winter.

　　我们储备蔬菜以备冬用。

　　We must guard against disease.

　　我们必须预防疾病。

　　Save money against a rainy day

　　未雨绸缪

　　熟练掌握against的词性与用法

　　①.表示反对关系:

　　a. I will speak against anything that I know to be wrong.

　　b. Many of the students are against the plan.

　　②.(表位置)靠着,顶着,迎着,衬着

　　a. The piano stood against the wall.

　　b. He could hear the rain pattering against the windows.

　　c. The trees were black against the morning sky.

　　d. He struck her head against the branch of a tree.

　　③.预防,防备,准备…时用

　　a. We are all taking medicine against the disease.

　　b. They bought some warm clothes against the cold winter.

　　c. We have to save some money against old age.

　　④.表示对比关系

　　a. He was elected by a majority of 20 votes against 10.

　　⑤.词组或固定搭配:

　　against one’s will违反自己的意愿; go against违反,不利于

英语语法|史上最全的英语介词用法归纳总结!

　　表示方位的介词：in, to, on

　　1. in 表示在某地范围之内。

　　Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。

　　2. to 表示在某地范围之外。

　　Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。

　　3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。

　　Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。

　　表示计量的介词：at, for, by

　　1. at 表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。

　　It flies at about 900 kilometers an hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

　　I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。

　　2. for 表示“用……交换，以……为代价”。

　　He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。

　　注意：at表示单价(price) ，for表示总钱数。

　　3. by 表示“以……计”，后跟度量单位。

　　They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。

　　Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。

　　表示材料的介词：of, from, in

　　1. of 成品仍可看出原料。

　　This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。

　　2. from 成品已看不出原料。

　　Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。

　　3. in 表示用某种材料或语言。

　　Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。

　　They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈。

　　表示工具或手段的介词：by, with, on

　　1. by 用某种方式，多用于交通。

　　I went there by bus. 我坐公共汽车去那儿。

　　2. with表示“用某种工具”。

　　He broke the window with a stone. 他用石头把玻璃砸坏了。

 1/5    1 2 3 4 5 下一页 尾页